Unknown Case # 19 – Pediatric Lumbar Spine Radiographs
History: Child with back pain. What is the name for this finding? What is your differential diagnosis? Comment and share below!
Solution to Unknown Case #18 – Varicocele and Aliasing in Ultrasound
History: 14 year old boy with lump in scrotum. This is a case of a varicocele. A varicocele is dilation of the pampiniform plexus of veins due to retrograde flow in the internal spermatic vein. It is diagnosed most frequently by ultrasound criteria of vessels dilated to 2-3 mm or more. Varicoceles are seen about […]
Solution to Unknown Case #17 – Short 4th and 5th Metacarpals Differential Diagnosis
History: 15 year old boy with hand pain. This is a case of short 4th and 5th metacarpals. Shortened 4th and 5th metacarpals is diagnosed by the metacarpal sign, which involves drawing a line through the heads of the 4th and 5th metacarpals. If the line intersects the head of the third metacarpal, then it […]
Elbow Ossification Centers Mnemonic – CRITOE
This is a commonly used mnemonic to recall the elbow ossification centers (CRITOE 1/3/5/7/9/11): Capitellum – 1 year Radial head – 3 years Internal (medial) epicondyle – 5 years Trochlea – 7 years Olecranon – 9 years External (Lateral) epicondyle – 11 years NOTE: always remember when using this mnemonic that the order of appearance […]
Unknown Case #18 – Pediatric Scrotal Ultrasound
History: 14 year old boy with lump in scrotum. What is your diagnosis for this pediatric patient with a lump in his left scrotum? Comment and share below!
Unknown Case # 17 – Pediatric Hand Radiograph
History: 15 year old boy with hand pain. What is your differential diagnosis for this appearance? Comment and share below!
Solution to Unknown Case #16 – Solitary (Unicameral) Bone Cyst
History: Adolescent Male with knee pain. This is a case of a solitary or unicameral bone cyst. A solitary bone cyst (also called a juvenile bone cyst, unicameral bone cyst, essential bone cyst, or simple bone cyst) is a benign lytic bone lesion that is fluid filled. The most common location that solitary bone cysts […]
Unknown Case # 16 – Pediatric Tibial Lytic Lesion
History: Adolescent male with knee pain. What is your differential diagnosis for this adolescent patient with left knee pain? Comment and share below!
Depressed Skull Fracture in an Infant – Non-accidental Trauma versus Accidental Trauma
History: Infant status post fall from 4 feet. This is the appearance of a depressed skull fracture in an infant. In the setting of skull fractures in an infant, one always has to rule out the presence of non-accidental trauma (NAT), which is medical-speak for child abuse. There are multiple characteristics of skull fractures which […]
Solution to Unknown Case #15 – Osteogenesis Imperfecta and the Differential Diagnosis of Gracile Diaphyses
History: 17 year old female. History withheld. This is a case of osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic defect in forming type 1 collagen. There are multiple subtypes of osteogenesis imperfecta, which are divided according to the Silence classificaiton system as follows: Type 1 – Autosomal Dominant, blue sclerae, mildest form (often called osteogenesis […]