Left Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion
History: 70 year old male with acute onset right hemiparesis and slurred speech. On this CT angiogram of the neck, the left internal carotid artery appears completely occluded, however, technically complete arterial occlusion can only be diagnosed on conventional catheter angiogram by ruling out a possible “string sign.” This patient went on to have a […]
Basilar Invagination
History: 30 year old female with a history of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. This is the appearance of basilar invagination, of which the differential includes Paget Disease, Osteomalacia, fibrous dysplasia, achondroplasia, rickets, cleidocranial dysplasia and osteogenesis imperfecta. The diagnosis in this case was osteogenesis imperfecta, which also can cause hearing loss.
Leydig Cell Tumor of Testicle
History: 35 year old male with right sided scrotal pain. The differential for this lesion is broad, however, in the absence of trauma or symptoms of infection, benign and malignant neoplasms are considered. The diagnosis in this case was Leydig cell tumor, which is a tumor of the testicular interstitial cells and is categorized with […]
Scrotal Fibrous Pseudotumor
History: 55 year old male with incidental lump in his scrotum. The imaging here is essentially diagnostic of scrotal fibrous pseudotumor, particularly, the marked hypointensity on T2W MR imaging. A scrotal fibrous pseudotumor typically arises from the tunica albuginea or vaginalis and can break free to form a “scrotal mouse.”
Testicular Seminoma – Differential Diagnosis of a Testicular Mass on Ultrasound
History: 35 year old male with 2 week history of right sided scrotal swelling, persistent after a trial of antibiotics. The differential in this case given the absence of change with antibiotic treatment and absence of symptoms of infection, includes neoplasms such as testicular seminoma, and non-seminomatous tumors such as embryonal cell (the type that […]
Hydronephrosis
History: 48 year old female with chronic pelvic and flank pain and vaginal bleeding. This patient was found to have a large cervical mass (squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix) that was obstructing both kidneys. This is the appearance of chronic hydronephrosis, with cortical thinning.
Cochlear Otosclerosis
History: 30 year old female with a history of hearing loss. The term for this finding is cochlear otosclerosis. Synonyms include cochlear otospongiosis, retrofenestral otosclerosis, and Beethoven Malady. The diagnosis in this case was osteogenesis imperfecta, however, paget disease, fibrous dysplasia, and otosyphillis can cause these findings.
Intrauterine Device in Cervix
History: 25 year old female presents with amenorrhea and pelvic pain for 8 weeks. This patient was found to also have an intrauterine pregnancy at 19 weeks gestational age. Notice the fetal head on the left side of the image.
Basal Ganglia Calcifications
History: 85 year old male presents with headache. These calcifications in elderly patients are most likely secondary to normal aging; however, other entities cause bilateral symmetric basal ganglia calcifications. The differential includes congenital infections such as CMV and HIV, and more rare conditions such as MELAS (Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) in children, […]
Atherosclerosis
History: 80 year old female with headache. This is a common area for atherosclerotic calcifications in elderly patients.