Unknown Case #21 – Abdominal Pain CT of the Abdomen and Pelvis
History: 30 year old female with HIV and abdominal pain. What is your differential diagnosis given the findings in this 30 year old female with a history of HIV and abdominal pain? Thank you to Paul Murphy, M.D. Ph.D. for these excellent images.
Solution to Unknown Case #20 – Epididymo-orchitis
History: 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain. This is a case of epididymitis-orchitis, which is also referred to as epididymoorchitis or acute scrotum. Epididymoorchitis is an infection of the testicle and epididymis. Orchitis alone is much less common. Ultrasound is the gold standard of diagnosis, and it classically appears as hypoechoic enlargement of the […]
Unknown Case #20 – Pediatric Scrotal Ultrasound
History: 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain. What is your differential diagnosis for these findings in this 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain? Comment and share below!
Solution to Unknown Case #19 – Gibbus Deformity Differential Diagnosis
History: Child with back pain. This is the appearance of a Gibbus Deformity. A Gibbus Deformity is a short segment thoracolumbar kyphosis that results in sharp angulation as seen in the image above. The differential diagnosis for a Gibbus deformity is usually divided into congenital and acquired causes, as detailed below: Congenital Causes of Gibbus […]
Cavitating Lung Mass Mnemonic – CAVITY
This mnemonic has been used commonly to aid in recalling the differential diagnosis of a cavitating lung mass (CAVITY): C – cancer (primary bronchogenic carcinoma or pulmonary metastases) A – autoimmune (rheumatoid lung disease and Wegener’s granulomatosis) V – vascular (pulmonary emboli including septic emboli) I – infection (pulmonary abscess) T – trauma (pneumatocele) Y […]
Upper Lobe Predominant Pulmonary Fibrosis Mnemonic – CASSET P
This mnemonic has been used commonly to recall the differential diagnosis of upper lobe predominant pulmonary fibrosis (CASSET P): C – cystic fibrosis A – ankylosing spondylitis S – silicosis S – sarcoidosis E – eosinophilic granuloma T – tubercuolisis P – pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Read about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis here, which is classically basal […]
Unknown Case # 19 – Pediatric Lumbar Spine Radiographs
History: Child with back pain. What is the name for this finding? What is your differential diagnosis? Comment and share below!
Solution to Unknown Case #18 – Varicocele and Aliasing in Ultrasound
History: 14 year old boy with lump in scrotum. This is a case of a varicocele. A varicocele is dilation of the pampiniform plexus of veins due to retrograde flow in the internal spermatic vein. It is diagnosed most frequently by ultrasound criteria of vessels dilated to 2-3 mm or more. Varicoceles are seen about […]
Solution to Unknown Case #17 – Short 4th and 5th Metacarpals Differential Diagnosis
History: 15 year old boy with hand pain. This is a case of short 4th and 5th metacarpals. Shortened 4th and 5th metacarpals is diagnosed by the metacarpal sign, which involves drawing a line through the heads of the 4th and 5th metacarpals. If the line intersects the head of the third metacarpal, then it […]
Assessment of the Chest X-Ray Mnemonic- ABCDEFGHI
This mnemonic has been used commonly to recall the assessment pattern for chest x-rays: A – Airway B – Bones C – Cardiac D – Diaphragm E – Effusions F – Fields/Fissures G – Great Vessels H – Hila I – Impression